What plant yields the alkaloid strychnine?

The plant that yields the alkaloid strychnine is Strychnos nux-vomica. This species is native to Southeast Asia and is well-known for its seeds, which contain a variety of alkaloids, including strychnine and brucine.

Strychnine is a potent neurotoxin that affects the central nervous system, leading to severe muscle spasms and convulsions. The historical use of this compound in medicine was primarily due to its stimulant properties, although its toxicity has limited its application in modern medicine. Understanding Strychnos nux-vomica and its alkaloids is crucial for recognizing both the medicinal potential and the dangers associated with this plant.

In contrast, the other options represent different plants that do not produce strychnine. For instance, Erythroxylum coca is known for producing cocaine, while Atropa belladonna, commonly known as belladonna or deadly nightshade, produces tropane alkaloids such as atropine. Rauvolfia serpentina, on the other hand, yields reserpine and is recognized for its use in traditional medicine and as an antihypertensive agent. Each of these plants has its own unique biochemical profile and