What is the primary toxin found in the seeds of the rosary pea plant?

The primary toxin found in the seeds of the rosary pea plant is abrin. Abrin is a highly toxic protein that is extracted from the seeds of the plant, which is scientifically known as Adenanthera pavonina. This toxin functions by inhibiting protein synthesis within cells, ultimately causing cellular damage and potential organ failure if ingested.

The presence of abrin in the rosary pea seeds makes them particularly dangerous, as even a small amount can be lethal if consumed. Unlike some other toxins, the abrin found in the seeds is not readily absorbed through the skin or mucous membranes, but ingestion or inhalation can lead to severe poisoning.

Furthermore, while ricin is another highly toxic protein derived from castor beans, it is not the toxin present in rosary pea seeds. Glutathione is not a toxin but a powerful antioxidant found in cells, and ricinine is a less toxic alkaloid found in castor beans, also unrelated to the rosary pea. Understanding the specific toxins associated with different plants is crucial for recognizing their potential dangers in both natural and agricultural settings.